Page 35 - SpringSummerNL23

Vet’s Corner
How is it diagnosed?

Otitis externa is often clearly visible on a physical examination. An 'otoscope' -
a piece of equipment with a light to look down a dog's ear canal – is used to see
the extent of the inflammation, any signs of infection or foreign bodies and to
see if the tympanic membrane (ear drum) can be seen. Sometimes taking samples
of the cells inside the ear canal is useful to understand which germ is causing the
problem. These samples are usually looked at under a microscope and can be sent
away for culturing, which will help to target appropriate treatment. If the otitis
is severe and very painful, some dogs require sedation or a general anaesthetic in
order to properly assess the ear canal and the tympanic membrane.

How can otitis externa be treated or managed?

Usually, this is treated by reducing the inflammation in the ear canal by using
anti-inflammatories, alongside painkillers (analgesia) and appropriate anti-
microbials (antibiotics, antifungals, or anti-parasitics). Most topical ear
preparations contain a combination of medications. Some of these medications
are known as ‘ototoxic’ and should not be used if the tympanic membrane is not
intact. If a vet cannot see to the tympanic membrane and suspects it is ruptured,
or the ear canal is very narrow, they may use oral medication instead of topical.
Management of the underlying cause is important. For example, if allergies are
suspected, appropriate treatment should be commenced to manage recurrent
otitis. In very severe cases, where medical management is ineffective, surgery
may be indicated: a Lateral Wall Resection opens up the ear canal, and a Total
Ear Canal Ablation removes the whole of the diseased and chronically inflamed
tissue.
Overall, appointments with a vet are crucial to effective diagnosis and subsequent
treatment of otitis externa. It is important to continue to attend follow-up
appointments to help manage the condition and ensure any underlying conditions
are accounted for. By working closely with your vet, you can help ensure that your
furry friend stays healthy and happy.

Dr Arielle Johnson BSc(Hons) BVetMed MRCVS

Willett House Veterinary Surgeons

35